The History of Affy Tapple, Chicago and America's First and Original Caramel Apple.

For Midwesterners, caramel apples frequently means Affy Tapple, a tradition over 70 years old. The first Affy Tapple was created in 1948 by the Kastrup family. According to history, this was the first caramel apple created in the United States - which is why their tagline is "The Original Caramel Apple!"

The Kastrup family opens an Affy Tapple store at 7117 North Clark Street in Chicago in 1952. Why the goofy name Affy Tapple? So they would be the first name in the confectionary section of the telephone book.

Chicago has long been home to many small, well-respected confectioners. Edna Kastrup was a bookkeeper in one of these establishments. When the company she worked for went up for sale, in the 1950s, she bought it. The name Affy Tapple was trademarked in 1948, said Stuart Sorkin, current President & CEO of Affy Tapple. "Kastrup was the one who really built the Affy Tapple brand to what it becomes," he said.

In 1960, schools start selling Affy Tapples to raise funds for programs. "Affy Tapple Day" quickly becomes one of the most popular days of the school year. Many fundraising events in the 1960s and early 70s bought broken stick Affy Tapples and chocolate-covered frozen bananas for 5¢ each, giving the group a little more profit.

Affy Man

The Founding Family—the Kastrups—sell their company. "Everybody and their grandmother wanted to buy it," said Sorkin. But it was he and his partners who purchased the company in 1995. It employs 35 full-time employees, some of whom have work many years for Affy Tapple. Numerous part-time workers are added during the busy season.

Affy Tapple moved from its original location on Clark Street in Chicago in 2000 to a new state-of-the-art facility in Niles, Illinois.

The company bought Mrs. Prindables in 2001, a gourmet apple and confectionery company, which sells a premium brand of handmade confections and it makes gourmet caramel apples and candies for upscale mail-order catalogs like Harry and David.

Affy Tapple operates year-round but its busiest season is mid-August through the end of November. It uses approximately 45,000 bushels of apples each year.

“Jonathan, Macintosh, and Granny Smith apples are used for Affy Tapples," said company general manager Leo Grigerio. Our gourmet brand primarily uses Granny Smith apples and occasionally Fuji. Other apples can be used for special orders.

In the fall, apples arrive in Niles from Washington state. Earlier in the year, they come from Michigan. The fruit is used within 24 hours of delivery but "you don't want the apples too cold or too hot," said Grigerio. Caramel won't stick to an apple that's wet or cold.

Affy Tapple makes each apple by hand. "Although we're in the 21st century it doesn't mean everything has evolved to the 21st-century automation," said Grigerio. 

"Individuals contribute to the success of this place."

From large bins that hold up to 14 bushels, apples are poured into the 'sticking section.' Fruits that are too small or too large are eliminated. 

A team of women, sitting around a carousel, grab individual apples and, using a press-like device, insert the wooden stick. Each worker impales 23 to 25 apples a minute.

The apples then travel up a conveyor belt where they are dipped in caramel. The same recipe has been used since the company's creation. The caramel is made in small batches, from scratch, every day. There should be at least an eighth of an inch of caramel on each Affy Tapple, said Grigerio.

The recipe's exact proportions are a secret but Grigerio said the basic ingredients are condensed milk, corn syrup, and sugar. A different, richer caramel is used in the company's gourmet products. Knowing when the caramel is done depends as much upon sight as it does upon the recipe. "It's 50 percent visual; knowing the right consistency and shine," said Grigerio.

Affy Tapples come plain and with peanuts, the latter being the overwhelming favorite. After the dipping, apples are rolled in chopped nuts. The plain variety is made on a separate production line. For those with nut allergies, there's no concern about cross-contamination.

The chilly chocolate room is where the gourmet apples are made. After apples have been dipped in caramel, they come here to be drizzled in dark chocolate, white chocolate, and sometimes both. They can also be rolled in any number of "add ons" like cashews, raisins, toffee, or whatever the customer may want.

"One of our most important philosophies is we can supply anyone with anything," Grigerio said.

Affy Tapple is ready to try anything, said Sorkin, although the results can be questionable. Harry and David asked the company for a caramel pear. It was a flop, however, because the fruit doesn't hold the coating as well as apple. Then there was the idea of combining apples with jelly beans. "Apples are great and jelly beans are great but together ... too sweet," Sorkin said.

"We have our purists and the purists are religious to Affy Tapples. We don't want to forget our roots and our roots are here in the Midwest where we have loyal, loyal customers."

INDEX TO MY ILLINOIS AND CHICAGO FOOD & RESTAURANT ARTICLES.

Compiled by Dr. Neil Gale, Ph.D. 

Archaeologists in East St. Louis, Illinois, dig to find an ancient civilization that vanished.

The largest excavation of a prehistoric site in the country is poised to solve a riddle about Illinois prehistory that has lingered for a century — where did the Mississippians (the Indigenous People) go? And why?

The Mississippian culture was a mound-building civilization of indigenous people that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 1600 AD to 800 AD, varying regionally.

An enormous dig of a village site in 2011 first inhabited about 1000 A.D. on 78 acres of what used to be the St. Louis National Stock Yards Company [1]. The stockyards company built 'National City, a small town for its employees, just 2 miles north of East St. Louis, Illinois. The site is providing so much data and so many artifacts that archaeologists are daring to speculate that basic questions about the indigenous people may finally be answered.

The St. Louis National Stockyards Company.

The indigenous people, whose pottery and building styles identify them as a single cultural group, lived in or near the Mississippi Valley more than 1100 years ago. They erected complex cities, built enormous mounds for ritualistic purposes, and disappeared in the space of about 200-300 years.

But the stockyards dig, known as the "East St. Louis site," was abandoned by the indigenous people after only 150 years.

This site is 8 miles west of the region's main group of mounds, now the grounds of the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site near Collinsville, which was occupied for about another 150 years after they left the East St. Louis site. However, less than 1% of the Cahokia Mounds site has been excavated because of a policy that the area should be reserved for future study.

But the East St. Louis village site will be fully excavated.

"By 1200 AD, the indigenous people are gone from this site with no evidence of any other occupation," said archaeologist Patrick Durst about the dig at the old stockyards. Durst, of the Prairie Research Institute of the University of Illinois at Champaign, supervises 90 hired diggers.

"What happened to them is one of the research questions we're hoping to answer. Having an opportunity to completely investigate a major portion of a site, this large is almost unheard of. When we are finished with this project, more of the East St. Louis mound group and the complex associated with it will have been excavated than all of Cahokia," says Durst.

One of the questions is whether the people who lived in the East St. Louis village site were the same people who lived at the much larger Cahokia Mounds site.

"We're trying to identify how this community, and its large mound center, relates to Cahokia, the largest mound center," Durst said, "We don't know exactly the direct relationships between these groups. It could be different groups that didn't necessarily work together. We don't necessarily think they were enemies, but they may not be the exact same cultural groups."

For residents of Southern and central Illinois, the ancient indigenous people represent a presence that turns up in daily life, from the "birdman" symbol etched into state highway overpasses to the term "Cahokia."

The Real Cahokia "Birdman Tablet."

But what is still unknown is: Where did they come from and what happened to them? Did they die off, or did they become the "Indians" of more modern times?

The small army of diggers has been working since 2008 to finish this excavation by the end of the year. This area, once home to 3,000 people who lived 500 years before Christopher Columbus landed in the Americas, lies in the path of the New Mississippi River Bridge Project (rebuilding a new Martin Luther King Jr. Bridge beginning in August of 2018) and must be excavated or lost to bulldozers. Less than a mile away near St. Clair Avenue, construction crews are already repaving roads that will lead to the bridge.

For archaeologists, this location is significant because it would have been the first habitation seen by visitors in prehistoric times to this region as they cruised down a much wider and shallower Mississippi River in dugout canoes. The village would have been in the path of native people headed for the Cahokia Mounds ritual center 8 miles further inland.

Durst speculated that from the river, the village would have been an awesome sight easily visible because the years of habitation would have deforested the slope leading from the rivers-edge. Hundreds of smoke plumes from campfires would have filled the horizon. And marker poles, which were tree trunks set upright in the ground and possibly containing forbidding carvings of gods or animals, warned visitors that they were entering a place where highly civilized people ruled.

Artifacts usually found in other states, including pieces of finely decorated pottery from Arkansas, Missouri and Iowa and beads carved from shells from the Gulf of Mexico, are being found almost daily. These discoveries support a long-held theory that the entire Cahokia area was the center of a culture that built mounds throughout the Midwest and southeastern United States.

A 6-inch high stone statue of a kneeling woman holding a conch shell was found in 2010. It is believed to be one of only a few that are known to exist.

Durst said that the sheer amount of data being collected all from one place is likely to lead to answers to basic questions about the indigenous people.

A smaller but very artifact-rich, nearby site just east of Brooklyn, Illinois, called "Janey B. Goode," was excavated in the early 2000s. Durst said that it contained about 800 features. A feature can be the remains of a dwelling or communal structure, a waste pit, fireplace or hearth or the dark stains in the earth where large, log-like poles were placed upright in the ground.

But the larger East St. Louis site has more than 2,500 features, including the remains of 500 dwellings, although many more ancient homesites might remain buried, Durst said.

"How and when this urban commercial and ritual center all came together and what caused it to fall apart is what we want to answer," said Brad Koldehoff, an archaeologist and cultural resources director for the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT). The dig is a joint effort by the Illinois State Archaeological Survey and IDOT.

Koldehoff said that the village's abandonment might have been a result of the overexploitation of animals and plants. While the indigenous people depended on fishing and growing a primitive type of corn and other vegetables, like squash and beans, they needed firewood and meat from game animals to augment their diet.

"Staying in one place too long almost sets you up to fail," Koldehoff said.

Compiled by Dr. Neil Gale, Ph.D. 

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[1] National City was a suburb of East St. Louis, Illinois. Incorporated in 1907, it was a company town for the St. Louis National Stock Yards Company. In 1996, the company, which owned all residential property in the town, evicted all of its residents. The following year, because it had no residents, National City was dissolved by a court order. Its site was subsequently annexed by nearby Fairmont City, Illinois.

[2] The Birdman Tablet was discovered in 1971 during excavations at the base of the eastern side of Monks Mound, conducted by the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee. Archaeologists theorize that the bird of prey on the front of the tablet symbolically represents the Upper World. The Middle World (of man) is represented by the human figure wearing the costume, and the Lower World is represented by the snakeskin pattern found on the back of the tablet.